Lock-nut.



E. B. WILES.

LOCK NUTi APPLIOTION FILED MAR. 12, 1908.

909,495. Patented Jan. 12,1909.'

EDWIN B. WILES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK-NUT.

Specification oi Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

Application led March 12, 1908. Serial No. 420,750.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN B. WiLEs, a citizen of the United States, residing at the horough of Bronx, in the city, county, and State of N ew York, have invented an Improvement in Loch-Nuts, of which the following is a speciiication.

Bolts for the iish plates connecting the rails of railways and lolts for other uses in other arts have heen employed with locknuts of various forms with the oject of preventing the accidental loosening of the said nuts, lfut the results attained have heen of more or less indifferent character.

The ol. j ect of my invention is the production of a lock-nut automatic in its engaging and locking function as brought up toward the work and which can lie as readily loosened ley the free reverse action of a wrench in iin-screwing the nut.

The loch-nut of my invention is formed with one or more holes made generally parallel with an edge face of metal and suhstantially tangential to the threaded stem of the holt and hole oi the nut. rIhis hole is formed through the nut in a central plane parallel with its i'lat faces. The hole is of one diameter for at out half the distance and of a smaller diameter for the other half of the distance. c

I employ a headed pin passing into the larger hole with its head at the lcottom of the hole and its stem passing through the smaller hole and projecting lteyond the surface ofthe nut, and a spring of suitar le character in the larger hole held in place in any desired manner. These means may he duplicated and reversed in the nut.

In the drawing, Figure l is an elevation representing the complete lock-nut. is a cross section at the dotted line x, of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the same line showing the parts of Fig, 2 duplicated and reversed, and Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections of the nut and elevation of the screw stem on the dotted line y, y, of Fig. 2, showing forms of my invention.

a represents the head of the holt and the stem of the holt. This stem is shown as screw-threaded for its whole length, but parts of the stem may he plain and the remainder screw-threaded, for either form of construction is of ordinary character.

c represents the nut.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, 2 and 3 are holes bored in various sizes. These holes Fig. 2

are made approximately parallel or at a slight angle to the edge face of the nut and suhstantially tangential with the threaded stem of the tolt, or with the hole of the nut. These holes are also formed through the nut from one face through the opposite face in a central plane arallel with the flat faces of the metal. Tliis will appear hy comparison of the respective iigures of the drawing. These holes are of off-set diameters, the one of larger dimensions heing formed through to about the center of the nut and the one of smaller diameter through the other half of the nut.

d represents a pin with a head d1 preferably heveled in o posite directions to provide a peripheral e ge adapted to hear against and to he partly empedded in the screw threads of the holt stem to maintain the nut in position thereon. The stem is slightly smaller than the hole 3 and the head slightly smaller than the hole 2, so that the pin passes freely into position, being entered through the larger hole so that the head of the pin seats upon the metal of the nut at the hase of the larger hole, and I provide a s ring filling the larger hole alcove the head o the pin. This spring may he the wire helix e or the rubber hlock e1 and I prefer hy use ol' a suitable die to over-turn the edges of the hole at 4 so as to contract the opening therein and confine the spring of either form in the hole and prevent it accidentally coming away from the nut.

In the form of my invention shown in Fig. 4, the head d1 of the pin is received between the thread convolutions of the stem of the bolt, so that it bears at two places thereon, while from the form of my invention shown in Fig. 5 it will he seen that the head d1 of the pin at its periphery rests upon the apex or point of the thread, and I do not limit myself in these particulars.

In the operationv of the device of my improvement, the arrows Figs. 2 and 3, indicate the direction of the rotation of the nut c considering that the bolt head and stem are held stationary. From this direction oi' rotation it will be apparent that the turning of the nut has the tendency of moving the pin and its head along against the expansive action of either form of spring, causing the head of the pin to slide on the apex of the thread convolutions, or slip in the intervening groove, therefore the nut when the bolt is in position can be screwed upon the same and be brought taut up to the work which is to be held, and that when taut thehead of the pin is seated against the thread convolutions of the stem assisted by the expansive action of the spring, and that any effort to turnthe bolt in the opposite direction would cause the head to embed firmly in the metal of the bolt to counteract saidy movement and lock the bolt edectually in position.

By prolonging the i'reeend of they in d beyond the outer surface ofthe nut', provide for releasing the head of the pin fromcontact with the groove of the threaded bolt stem and at the same time compressing the spring, whereby the bolt can be turned in the opposite direction and removed from the stem when desired. This may be edected in any desired manner, but I prefer and iind it possible in practice, to use the ordinary wrench because thev pressure. of the jaws of the wrench on the edges of the nut where the. pins project, pushes in the pins and releases the heads to contact with the threaded stem of the bolt and makes it possible to unscrew the nut. The position of the wrench is shown by dotted linesin F ig. 3, from which it will be apparent that the jaws oi' the wrench are pushing on the pins, causing the nut to be free on the stern of the bolt.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with the head and continuous threaded stem of a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of different diameters, the division of which comes at aboutV the center of the nut, a pin received in the smaller of said holes having a head with a conical periphery received in the larger of said holes and seated at said division line, and the said conical head adapted to bear upon the thread convolutions ofthe bolt and lock the nut against unscrewing.

2. The combination with the head and continuous threaded stem of a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of different diameters, the division of which comes at about the center oi the nut, a pin received in the smaller of said holeshaving a head with a conical periphery received in the larger of said holes and seated at said division line, and the said conicaly head adapted to bear in the groove between the thread convclutions and lock the nut against unscrewing, and means for holding the pin yieldingly in place.

3. The combination with the head and continuous threaded stem of a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of diiiierent diameters, the division of which comes at about the center of the nut, a in received in the smaller of said holes having a head received in the larger of said holes and said head beveled at opposite parts to rovide a circumferentially disposed conica periphery seated at said division line and the saidconical head adapted to bear upon the thread convolutions of the bolt and lock the same against unscrewing.

4. r[he combinationY with the head and continuous threaded stemoi1 a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of dilierent diameters, the division of which cornes at about the center ci the nut, a pin received inthe smaller of said holes having ahead received in the larger of said holes and said head beveled at opposite parts to rovide a circumferentially disposed conica periphery seated at said division line and the saidconical liead adapted to bear in the groove between the thread convolutions and lock the nut against unscrewing, and means for holding the pin yieldingly in place.`

5. rl'he combination with the head and continuous threaded stem of a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of different diameters, the division of which comes at about the center of the nut, the axial line of said holes being at a slight angle to the edge face of the nut and substantially tangential to the threaded stem of the bolt, a pin received in the smaller of said holes having a head with a conical periphery received in the larger of said holes and seated at said division line, and the said conical head vadapted to bear upon the threaded stem of the bolt to lock the nut against unscrewing.

6. The combination with the head and continuous threaded stem of a bolt, of a nut provided with alined holes of different diameters, the division of which cornes at about the center of the nut, a pin received in the smaller of said holes having a head with a conical periphery received in the larger of said holes and seated at said division line,.and the said conical head adapted to bear upon the threaded stern of the bolt to lock the nut against unscrewing, and a spring in the larger of said holes bearing against the head of the pin and the circumferential edge of the larger hole at the bolt surface overturned as 

